Heat exchanger



Nov. 27, 1951 CHAUSSON 2,576,213

HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Dec. 1, 1945 Mum) Y V V Patented Nov. 27, 1951 HEAT EXCHANGER Gaston Chausson, Asnieres, France, assignor to Societe Anonyme des Usines Chausson, Asnieres, France, a company of France Application December 1, 1945, Serial No. 832,259 In France July 29, 1943 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires July 29, 1963 1 Claim. 1

This invention refers to heat exchangers whose principle may also be applied to radiators for motors of vehicles and for similar purposes.

The heat exchanger according to the present invention is in particular characterized by a casing divided into two conduits (or groups of conduits) of constant cross-sectional area throughout deflned by a separation wail or partition connecting the inlets and outlets for the fluids providing an even surface thereat, and further ofiering longitudinal undulations or folds the amplitude of which increases from the ends-towards the middle of the heat exchanger, although on either side of said separation wall constant cross-sectional areas of the two conduits are maintained through which the two fluids pass.

The inlets and outlets of the fluids are separated only, as indicated herein above, by even portions of the separation partition in order to avoid losses of heat and to retain a constant speed of the fluids in circulation in the exchanger.

According to one form of embodiment of the invention, two conduits offer visual cross-sectional changes while the cross-sectional area remains constant along its whole length.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the walls of the undulations are corrugated crosswise to the longitudinal direction of said walls.

According to a modification of the invention, flns are provided which are joined to the walls of the longitudinal undulations. The aforesaid wall or partition of the casing may be composed of separate members which are assembled to form a unitary structure.

Further features and advantages of the invention will be gathered from the following specification and from the drawing, which illustrates the invention by way of example.

Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically a vertical section of a heat exchanger according to the invention.

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are cross sections taken, respectively, on section lines IIII, IIIIII and IV-IV of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 illustrating a modification of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross section of another form of embodiment of the invention.

The exchanger comprises a casing or box I of any desired shape, at the ends of which are located the inlets 3 and 5 and the outlets 2 and 4 of the two fluids participating in the thermic exchange.

the heat exchanger, while the other enters through the other end of the heat exchanger, so that the two fluids pass in counter-flow to improve the exchange relationship.

The inlet passage sections of the fluids are not of the same size and each fluid passes during its flow through the heat exchange apparatus through a conduit having a section equal to the dimension of its inlet section but different from the conduit section of the other fluid.

The wall of separation of the fluids, to permit the exchange of heat, may be constituted, as shown in Fig. 4, by a wall of metal sheets 6 suitably bent and wave-shaped in cross-section in such a manner as to form passages I for one of the fluids and 8 for the other, the fluid cross-sectional area of said passages corresponding to the inlet and outlet cross-sectional areas.

In the neighborhood of the inlet and outlet of the fluids said wall will connect up with the circulation pipe system by a progressive reduction of the undulations of the separation wall made of sheet metal, said progressive reduction going so far as to render, it perfectly even at the point of junction of the pipe system with the casing which encloses the heat exchanger.

Thus, in Fig. 2 has been represented a section according to section line 11-11 of Fig. 1 showing a reduced undulation of the sheet metal wall 6 and in Fig. 3 is represented a section. taken according to section line III--III of Fig. 1 where the undulations of wall 6 are more pronounced and resemble more closely those of Fig. 4.

A constant cross-sectional flow area of one or the other of the fluids is thus obtained, and changes of direction are obviated b preserving substantially rectilinear paths and by avoiding all turbulence.

Due to these arrangements the speed of the fluids remains constant throughout the exchanger and is substantially the same at the inlet and at the outlet (if the exchange of heat does not slightly modify the speeds) Finally all loss of heat not useful "to the exchange of heat will be avoided.

A modification of the embodiment of the invention is indicated in Fig. 5. In this instance, the wall of separation of the fluids is constituted by separate parts, such as 9, forming in assembled condition longitudinal U-shaped corrugations which may be provided, as indicated at In, with folds or undulations increasing the heat exchange surface, these separate parts or members being reinforced by said folds.

Said parts, preferably stamped, are assembled and joined to one another by any known means.

either at their abutting ends, or along a'iiat predetermined portion thereof, by spot welding, roller welding or otherwise, with or without the insertion of gaskets.

It will be remarked that the connection of the aforesaid parts with the outer walls of the casing or box of the heat exchanger is in no way indispensable, except at the junction i l.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in section in Fig. 6 and indicates that to the central exchange or separation wall 9 forming the central portion of the heat exchange system, metal strips i2, it of zlg zag shaped formation log fins are added in such a manner as to increase the area of the heat exchange surfaces considerably.

In the practical embodiment said fins will be limited to that part of the exchanger where the wall is not distorted to approximate an even wall at the inlets and outlets of the fluids.

An improvement of the already excellent results obtained by the apparatus is thus achieved, it being possible to fasten said fins by any known means.

It goes without saying that the shapes or the conduits and of the undulations, the details of embodiment and of the assembly thereof, th materials employed and the various a ments of inlet and outlet of the fluids may vary without departing from the scope of the invention.

Nevertheless, metals of great calorific conductibility will preferably be selected, for instance aluminium, which moveover lends itself readily to all folds and similar shaping.

It can thus be seen that there has been provided in accordance with the present invention a heat exchanger comprising a casing of constant cross-sectional area, and a partition extending longitudinally of said casing and dividing the interior of said easing into two conduits each of constant cross-sectional area throughout the length of the casing, said partition being composed of a plurality of individual longitudinal sections wave-shaped in cross-section, positioned side by side and secured together at their extremities, whereby a partition, undulated in crosssection is formed, the height of said sections being greatest at the center of the casing and diminishing towards the ends thereof, at least some of said sections being provided with straight corrugations extending longitudinally of said casing, said corrugations being further defined as comprising zig-zag shaped members secured to both sides of the central portion of the respective section.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

A heat exchanger comprising a casing of constant cross-sectional area, and a partition extending longitudinally of said casing and dividing the interior of said easing into two conduits each of constant cross-sectional area throughout the length of the casing, said partition being composed of a plurality of individual longitudinal sections wave-shaped in cross-section, positioned side by side and secured together at their extremities, whereby a partition, undulated in cross-section is formed, the height of said sections being greatest at the center of the casing and diminishing towards the ends thereof, at least some of said sections being provided with straight corrugations extending longitudinally of said casing, said corrugations being further defined as comprising zig-zag shaped members secured to both sides of the central portion of the respective section.

GASTON CHAUSSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,867,944 Brown Feb. 8, 1921 1,409,520 Bird Mar. 14, 1922 1.636,958- Harter July 26, 1927 2,092,835 Edwards Sept. 14, 1937 2,321,110 Shipman June 8, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 882,208 France Feb. 22, 1943 105,971 Sweden Sept. 17, 1942 

